The primary function of EAEPE is to bring together European economists and other social scientists for the purposes of theoretical research and policy development along EAEPE's theoretical perspectives.

The Association organises every year an EAEPE Conference, usually held in late October or early November, over 3-4 days. Annual Conferences have a general theme and are large events, often with 7-8 parallel sessions convened by Research Area Coordinators, reflecting the wide pluralistic spectrum of research and ideas represented by EAEPE. 

EAEPE has held Annual Conferences since 1989 (documented in the EAEPE Volume Series). In 2008 the association thus celebrated its 20th anniversary with its 20th Annual Conference.

In 2013, the 25th Annual EAEPE Conference will be held in Paris, France.